CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class - EIGRP Unequal Cost Load Balancing, EIGRP Variance

Transcript

1	Introduction	0h 43m
2	Using the Cisco Documentation	0h 52m
3	Ethernet Overview, Layer 2 Switchports, Trunking, ISL, 802.1q, DTP	0h 47m
4	VTP, VTP Authentication, VTP Pruning	1h 02m
5	VTP Prune Eligible List, VTP Transparent, VTP Troubleshooting, Trunk Allowed List, Extended VLANs	0h 48m
6	VLAN and VTP Review	0h 19m
7	SVIs, Native Routed Interfaces, Router-on-a-Stick	0h 46m
8	Layer 2 EtherChannel, EtherChannel Load Balancing, Layer 3 EtherChannel	0h 57m
9	802.1q Tunneling, Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling, EtherChannel over 802.1q Tunneling	1h 03m
10	STP Root Bridge Election, STP Root Port Election, STP Designated Port Election, STP Priority, STP Cost, STP Port-Priority	1h 46m
11	STP Review	0h 12m
12	STP Timers, STP PortFast	0h 34m
13	STP UplinkFast	0h 11m
14	STP BackboneFast	0h 12m
15	STP BPDU Filter	0h 13m
16	STP BPDU Guard	0h 11m
17	STP Root Guard	0h 11m
18	STP Loop Guard, Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)	0h 11m
19	Multiple Spanning-Tree Protocol (MST)	0h 40m
20	Rapid Spanning-Tree Protocol (RSTP), Rapid-PVST	0h 18m
21	MST with Multiple Regions	0h 33m
22	Flex Links	0h 16m
23	Frame Relay	0h 39m
24	Frame Relay Configuration Part 1	0h 34m
25	Frame Relay Configuration Part 2	0h 41m
26	Frame Relay Switching	0h 27m
27	Back-to-Back Frame Relay	0h 08m
28	Frame-Relay End-to-End Keepalives	0h 18m
29	PPP, PPP PAP Authentication, PPP CHAP Authentication	0h 59m
30	PPPoFR, PPPoE	0h 40m
31	Transparent Bridging, IRB	0h 32m
32	Fallback Bridging	0h 14m
33	IP Routing Overview, Switching Paths, Static Routing	0h 42m
34	Static Routing Examples	0h 25m
35	IP Default-Gateway, IP Default-Network	0h 14m
36	On-Demand Routing (ODR)	0h 07m
37	Floating Static Routes	0h 10m
38	Backup Interface	0h 29m
39	Enhanced Object Tracking, IP SLA, Reliable Static Routing	0h 21m
40	Policy Routing	0h 43m
41	GRE Tunneling, GRE Recursive Routing Errors	0h 27m
42	Reliable Backup Interface with GRE	0h 25m
43	RIP Overview, RIP Versions, RIP Auto-Summary	0h 48m
44	RIP Split-Horizon, RIP Timers	0h 22m
45	RIP Broadcast Updates, IP Directed Broadcast, IP Broadcast-Address, Smurf Attacks, Fraggle Attacks	0h 16m
46	RIP Unicast Updates	0h 03m
47	RIP Offset-List	0h 18m
48	RIP Authentication	0h 11m
49	RIP Summarization	0h 10m
50	Prefix-Lists, RIP Distribute-List Filtering, RIP Administrative Distance Filtering	0h 48m
51	RIP Default Routing, RIP Conditional Default Routing	0h 18m
52	RIP Triggered, RIP Validate Update Source,	0h 12m
53	EIGRP Overview	0h 29m
54	EIGRP Auto-Summary	0h 07m
55	EIGRP Split-Horizon	0h 11m
56	EIGRP Update Types, EIGRP Neighbor, EIGRP Passive-Interface	0h 24m
57	EIGRP Hello-Interval, EIGRP Hold-Time	0h 05m
58	EIGRP Authentication	0h 11m
59	EIGRP Time Based Authentication	0h 25m
60	EIGRP Path Selection, EIGRP Metric Weights, EIGRP Traffic Engineering	0h 47m
61	EIGRP Unequal Cost Load Balancing, EIGRP Variance	0h 19m
62	EIGRP QUERY, EIGRP Summarization, EIGRP Leak-Map	0h 28m
63	EIGRP Stub Router Advertisement	0h 22m
64	EIGRP Default Routing	0h 13m
65	EIGRP Route Filtering	0h 11m
66	EIGRP Router-ID	0h 07m
67	Miscellaneous EIGRP Features	0h 02m
68	OSPF Overview	0h 27m
69	Establishing OSPF Adjacencies, Understanding the OSPF Database	0h 43m
70	OSPF Network Type Broadcast, OSPF DR/BDR Election, OSPF over NBMA, OSPF Network Type Non-Broadcast and Point-to-Multipoint	0h 56m
71	OSPF Network Type Point-to-Point, OSPF Network Type Mismatch	0h 13m
72	OSPF Network Type Point-to-Multipoint Non-Broadcast, OSPF Per Neighbor Cost	0h 17m
73	OSPF Network Type Loopback	0h 02m
74	OSPF Path Selection	0h 27m
75	OSPF Convergence Timers	0h 09m
76	OSPF Authentication	0h 12m
77	OSPF Summarization	0h 32m
78	OSPF Stub Areas, OSPF Totally Stubby Areas, OSPF NSSAs, OSPF Totally NSSAs	0h 40m
79	Controlling OSPF NSSA Redistribution	0h 02m
80	OSPF Type 7 to 5 Translator Election, OSPF LSA Type 3 Filter, OSPF Forwarding Address Suppression	0h 24m
81	Route Redistribution Overview	0h 36m
82	Route Redistribution Configuration & Verification, Connected Redistribution	0h 22m
83	OSPF External Path Selection, TCL PING Scripting	0h 33m
84	Routing Loops Overview, EIGRP Route Loop Prevention	0h 55m
85	Metric Based Routing Loops, Route Tagging	0h 46m
86	Administrative Distance Based Routing Loops, Debug IP Routing, IP Route Profile	0h 58m
87	BGP Overview, BGP Peering Types	0h 51m
88	Establishing BGP Peerings, EBGP Multihop, BGP Neighbor Disable Connected Check, BGP TTL Security	0h 49m
89	BGP 4-Byte ASNs	0h 20m
90	BGP Local AS, BGP Peer Groups	0h 30m
91	BGP Next-Hop Self, BGP Next-Hop Processing	0h 30m
92	BGP Route Reflectors	0h 37m
93	Large Scale BGP Route Reflectors with Clusters	0h 34m
94	BGP Confederation	0h 37m
95	BGP NLRI Advertisements, BGP Network Statement, BGP Redistribution	0h 43m
96	BGP Aggregation, BGP Aggregation & Summary-Only, BGP Aggregation & Unsuppress-Map	0h 46m
97	BGP Origin, BGP Aggregation & AS-Set, BGP Aggregation & Advertise-Map	0h 22m
98	BGP Conditional Route Injection	0h 21m
99	BGP Bestpath Selection, BGP Multipath, BGP Weight	0h 53m
100	BGP Local Preference, BGP Local Preference and Communities, BGP AS-Path Prepending,	0h 30m
101	BGP MED, BGP MED Missing As Worst, BGP Deterministic MED	0h 34m
102	BGP Communites, BGP Regular Expressions	0h 43m
103	BGP Filtering, BGP Convergence Timers, BGP Default Routing, Miscellaneous BGP Features	0h 24m
104	MPLS Overview, MPLS Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)	1h 05m
105	MPLS Tunnels, MPLS Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP)	0h 40m
106	MPLS Layer 3 VPNs Overview, VRF Lite	0h 36m
107	MPLS Layer 3 VPNs and VPNv4 BGP	1h 08m
108	MPLS Layer 3 VPN Verification & Troubleshooting	0h 49m
109	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Overview	0h 06m
110	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Path Selection & Sham-Links	2h 01m
111	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Loop Prevention & Down-Bit, OSPF Capability VRF-Lite	0h 40m
112	IPv6 Overview, IPv6 ICMPv6 ND, IPv6 over NBMA	0h 44m
113	IPv6 Routing Overview, IPv6 Static Routing	0h 28m
114	IPv6 RIPng	0h 20m
115	IPv6 EIGRPv6	0h 09m
116	IPv6 OSPFv3	0h 31m
117	MP-BGP for IPv6	0h 26m
118	IPv6 Tunneling	1h 13m
119	Multicast Overview, IGMP	0h 34m
120	PIM Overview	0h 18m
121	PIM Dense Mode	1h 03m
122	PIM Sparse Mode	0h 30m
123	PIM Sparse Mode Configuration	0h 36m
124	PIM Sparse Mode RPF & RP Troubleshooting	0h 27m
125	Auto-RP, Multicast over GRE Tunnels	0h 53m
126	Bootstrap Router (BSR), Bidirectional PIM, Source Specific Multicast (SSM)	0h 40m
127	MSDP, Anycast RP	0h 27m
128	IPv6 Multicast Routing	0h 24m
129	QoS Overview, IntServ QoS, DiffServ QoS, IP Precedence, DSCP, MQC, HQF	0h 41m
130	MQC Classification	0h 44m
131	FIFO, FQ, WFQ, CBWFQ, HQF	0h 50m
132	LLQ	0h 23m
133	WRED	0h 31m
134	Traffic Shaping, Traffic Policing	0h 40m
135	Frame Relay Traffic Shaping (FRTS)	0h 33m
136	RSVP	0h 07m
137	Catalyst 3560 QoS	1h 00m
138	IOS Security Overview, Access Lists (ACLs)	0h 58m
139	Time Based ACLs, Dynamic ACLs	0h 33m
140	Reflexive ACLs	0h 21m
141	TCP Intercept, Content Based Access Control (CBAC)	0h 34m
142	Zone Based Policy Firewall (ZBPF)	1h 09m
143	AAA, Local Authentication, Local Authorization, Role Based CLI Access	0h 43m
144	Port Security, Static CAM Entries, Storm Control, 802.1X Authentication, PACLs, RACLs, VLAN Access Maps (VACLs)	0h 48m
145	DHCP Snooping, Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), IP Source Guard	0h 12m
146	Protected Ports, Private VLANs	0h 25m
147	IP Services Overview, HSRP	1h 10m
148	VRRP, GLBP	0h 28m
149	NAT	0h 42m
150	DHCP, DNS	0h 30m
151	NetFlow	0h 09m
152	WCCP, Miscellaneous IP Services	0h 06m
153	System Management Overview, NTP, NTP Authentication	0h 24m
154	SNMP, RMON	0h 38m
155	Syslog, Telnet, SSH, Banners	0h 21m
156	EEM Scripting, Miscellaneous System Management	0h 26m
Total Duration		81h 59m

Slides - Diagrams

Slides - Introduction

Slides - Ethernet Switching

Slides - Advanced Ethernet Switching

Slides - Frame Relay

Slides - PPP

Slides - Transport Bridging

Slides - Redistribution

Slides - IOS Security

Slides - Layer 2 Security

Slides - IP Services

Slides - System Management

0:00:11	In our next section here, we're gonna look at
0:00:19	the feasible successors to install multiple
0:00:25	that do not have the same metric values.
0:00:28	Now, EIGRP is the only IGP that can do this,
0:00:32	where when we look at RIP, or IS-IS, or OSPF,
0:00:35	they can do load balancing
0:00:39	but not for paths that have different metrics.
0:00:43	So, for OSPF, if we had path
0:00:46	and paths going over Fast Ethernet,
0:00:49	in order to load balance between the two of them,
0:00:51	we would have to make them
0:00:55	Then, it would be up to the switching
0:01:00	divide the traffic between the two interfaces.
0:01:03	Now, with EIGRP, as long as
0:01:08	so as long as they are feasible successors,
0:01:11	we take the feasible distance, which
0:01:15	for the active route.
0:01:18	Multiply it by the variance value.
0:01:21	Then, the result of that, if it is larger than
0:01:26	load balancing is going to occur.
0:01:30	Now, we'll see that the router
0:01:34	what the traffic shared balance should be
0:01:36	between the primary path and the backup path
0:01:39	based on the total end-to-end
0:01:43	So, what we're gonna do now in this case
0:01:46	is look again at the connection
0:01:49	that router 2 is using the reach router 6,
0:01:52	but now, I wanna use both the link that goes
0:02:03	So first, let's look at router 2 and
0:02:08	that it is using end-to-end to get to router 6.
0:02:14	So, from router 2, we see
0:02:18	The packets are going from 5 to 1 to 6.
0:02:25	So, from 5 to 1 to 6, this is our primary path.
0:02:30	If we look at the topology,
0:02:34	150.10.6.0/24,
0:02:39	it says, "There is an alternate
0:02:47	and router 3's advertised
0:02:52	Since 130,000 is less than
0:02:56	which is 16 million, it means that this could
0:03:03	Because this is a feasible successor.
0:03:07	So now, let's go to router 2,
0:03:10	and under the EIGRP process,
0:03:14	Now, it really doesn't matter what this value is
0:03:17	as long as it is large enough to take into
0:03:24	So, setting it to 10, 20, or 30 is not going to
0:03:31	It will only affect what feasible successors can be
0:03:40	So again, we're not gonna take the...
0:03:43	the variant's value, which I configured as 128.
0:03:46	Multiply it by the feasible distance.
0:03:50	If there is any feasible successor whose
0:03:57	they will be used for unequal
0:04:02	So, in this particular example,
0:04:06	And multiply it by 1.6 million.
0:04:11	If this is higher than 25 miilion,
0:04:15	that is the path to router 3,
0:04:18	then, the load balance should occur.
0:04:21	So now, if we look at the result
0:04:25	if we Show IP Route for 150.10.6.0,
0:04:31	we see that both of the paths are installed.
0:04:36	Now, based on the ratios of router
0:04:41	it says that if we were to do
0:04:47	we would send 15 times as much
0:04:51	as we were to send to router 3.
0:04:54	Now again, the actual load balancing is gonna be
0:05:01	So, if we're doing CEF switching,
0:05:02	CEF is gonna look at the
0:05:06	potentially, like the flow information.
0:05:10	to figure out what interface are we actually
0:05:15	So, it's not gonna be very predictable for us to
0:05:20	What we could do if we
0:05:23	very specific distribution of traffic
0:05:26	would be to turn CEF off, and do load
0:05:32	However, again, the disadvantage of doing
0:05:38	So, you technically could do that.
0:05:41	two packets towards router 5 for every one
0:05:46	but you probably better off just leaving CEF on,
0:05:49	and then, using whatever traffic
0:05:53	So, let's look at what are the possible
0:05:57	to reach this.
0:05:58	It says we could either go to router 3,
0:06:02	Now, I wanna know, for this distribution,
0:06:06	what is the actual amount of traffic
0:06:11	So, what I'm gonna do on 3's interface
0:06:14	that connects to router 2,
0:06:16	I'm going to configure an inbound ACL
0:06:20	that will be used as a packet counter.
0:06:24	Likewise, on router 5 as the
0:06:29	So, I'll say that "For any traffic that is going
0:06:36	I want to account for those packets."
0:06:39	Then, based on the counters, when we look at
0:06:43	we can actually see what is the
0:06:50	So first, let's go to router 3.
0:06:55	And we'll create this access list.
0:06:57	So, let's look at the access list currenntly, I wanna
0:07:03	So, I'll create Access List 100.
0:07:05	It says, Permit ICMP that is
0:07:12	then, I'm gonna permit anything else.
0:07:15	Permit IP Any Any.
0:07:18	Then, on the link that connects to router 2,
0:07:24	I'll essentially do the same thing now on router 5,
0:07:27	but on router 5, this is gonna be applied
0:07:34	On serial 0/0/0, IP Access Group 100 In.
0:07:44	So now, from router 2, let's say that we send...
0:07:47	a thousand packets to router 6.
0:07:49	So, we ping the loopback of 6. We'll say
0:07:56	Now, by looking at the...
0:08:00	Show Access List,
0:08:01	I'll put on router 3 versus 5.
0:08:07	It's gonna show us what the actual distribution is.
0:08:11	Now, we can see that router 5's
0:08:16	whle router 3's counter isn't doing anything.
0:08:21	It essentially means that CEF has calculated
0:08:28	for that particular source and destination pair.
0:08:32	Now, if I were to vary the input,
0:08:36	we have a couple different loopbacks.
0:08:39	Let's say, "Loopback 2 is...
0:08:41	the IP address 2.2.2.2."
0:08:48	And we have a bunch of...
0:08:52	secondary addressing on here.
0:09:00	2.2.2.3, and 2.2.2.4.
0:09:05	So, these are different sources
0:09:08	Okay, so now, I'll send the ping that's
0:09:13	Source from 2.2.2.1
0:09:16	with the repeat count of a thousand,
0:09:22	Because I'm not waiting for response back in,
0:09:27	We'll do the same thing for...
0:09:31	coming from 2.2.2.2.
0:09:36	Then, from the 3 address, and
0:09:40	So basically, I wanna know that when
0:09:46	what does it choose as the outgoing interface?
0:09:49	Ideally, we should see that at least
0:09:54	and some of it is gonna go to 5,
0:10:03	but we still don't see any hits on...
0:10:06	3's list.
0:10:09	Okay, so it means that CEF is
0:10:13	that we need to route the traffic towards router 5.
0:10:15	Now, what we could do to see if
0:10:20	would be to turn per-packet load balancing on,
0:10:26	and then, route the traffic through router 2.
0:10:31	So, let's say we do this. So,
0:10:35	I'm gonna enable routing with BB2.
0:10:41	Where on this link, it's pre-configured
0:10:46	So, the packets are gonna be transitting router 2.
0:10:48	They're not gonna be locally originated.
0:10:52	So on router 2, we'll do a
0:10:58	So, Router RIP Version 2 No Auto-Summary.
0:11:03	And we're running RIP on this...
0:11:05	link. 192.10.10.
0:11:10	Now, I believe that the backbone router
0:11:17	So, I will say Key Chain RIP.
0:11:22	Key 1, the key string is CISCO.
0:11:26	Then, at the link level, I have IP
0:11:32	And the IP RIP Authentication Key Chain is RIP.
0:11:37	Now, within the scope of the exam,
0:11:40	if they wanted to route this device, they'd have
0:11:45	Okay, it just so happened that I
0:11:50	So, if I look at the Show IP Route RIP,
0:11:53	I see that there are a bunch of routes
0:11:58	Okay, under the RIP process, I'm going
0:12:03	Then, under EIGRP, I'll redistribute RIP in there.
0:12:16	So, the overall goal for me here
0:12:24	And then send traffic to the loopback of router 6.
0:12:30	So, let's ping 150.10.6.6.
0:12:35	And first, let's look at the... Let's say, Show IP
0:12:47	addresses.
0:12:48	So, I'll ping 150.10.6.6 from 192.10.10.254...
0:13:01	from 220.20.3.1...
0:13:12	And then, from 222.2.2.1.
0:13:16	So now, if we look at router 3 and 5,
0:13:22	we see that we're still choosing
0:13:28	Okay, so next, let's go to router 2,
0:13:31	and we'll turn CEF off. We'll tell it to
0:13:35	So, on these interfaces, we'll say,
0:13:46	Then, at the link level, we'll say,
0:13:55	Now, in a real design, you would not
0:14:00	because there's a lot of applications
0:14:03	Especially like UDP things like voice or video,
0:14:10	Normally, you just wanna
0:14:12	where CEF is load balancing
0:14:19	not on a...
0:14:21	per-packet basis.
0:14:24	So now, let's go to... Back to
0:14:29	So, these couple different sources.
0:14:36	And then, let's look at router 3's output.
0:14:43	And 5's output.
0:14:46	So, what I may need
0:14:49	Let's say, Clear IP Cache,
0:14:52	and Show IP Interface.
0:14:57	is off,
0:15:00	and fast switching is off. So, it says,
0:15:05	I may need to look at this as a
0:15:10	So, let's say from BB1, we do this, but
0:15:22	So now, we see, some of the traffic
0:15:27	but proportionally, it will be larger on 5.
0:15:31	So, if I clear the counters
0:15:37	then, we look at the Show
0:15:40	it says we have 18, 19, 20 packets there.
0:15:43	But if we look at this on router 5,
0:15:47	we see it's much higher.
0:15:50	So, based on the default traffic share count
0:15:53	that router 2 calculates for
0:15:58	when we Show IP Route 150.10.6.6,
0:16:03	the traffic is no being load balanced
0:16:07	where for every 15 packets
0:16:10	there's gonna be one packet
0:16:15	Now, we could technically modify this,
0:16:18	but we'd have to look at what
0:16:22	interface by interface basis
0:16:28	to figure out why...
0:16:31	or to figure out where these values
0:16:33	So, if we were to look at the Show IP
0:16:42	as long as...
0:16:46	the routes of router 3 stays
0:16:52	then, we will be able to use
0:16:56	So, let's look at what is the
0:17:00	is using on interface serial 0/0.1.
0:17:06	Okay, which is the link that goes to...
0:17:08	router 5.
0:17:10	Now, if we were to go to this link
0:17:14	let's say we set it to twice
0:17:18	which would be 4,000
0:17:24	Then, we Clear IP EIGRP Neighbors.
0:17:28	We should see now when we
0:17:36	that now, the route from router 5
0:17:42	we're now looking at 2 million.
0:17:45	2.1 million versus 25 million.
0:17:49	But if we now look at the routing table,
0:17:58	we can see now, the traffic
0:18:03	Where previously, we had a ratio of 15:1,
0:18:08	So, if I were to continue to
0:18:13	so, let's say I set it to...
0:18:16	a 100,000 microseconds, which is
0:18:24	then, Clear IP EIGRP Neighbors.
0:18:26	As long as this link stays
0:18:31	then, when we Show IP Route 150.10.6.6,
0:18:38	we'll see now, the traffic shared count
0:18:45	So, if we wanted to be exact for this,
0:18:48	we'd have to look at the actual metric values,
0:18:51	and then, send the end-to-end ratio to
0:19:00	So, you'll see in the volume 1 workbook,
0:19:04	I highly doubt they would have
0:19:07	It's just more to show you
0:19:09	do that and where EIGRP is getting
0:19:17	But the main key point to
0:19:20	is that no matter what you
0:19:24	if the alternate routes are
0:19:28	they're not gonna be considered

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CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class
Title:	CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class
Duration:	81h 59m
The CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class is the first step in understanding CCIE level technologies and is a companion to the Advanced Technologies Lab Workbook. Each technology you need to know for the CCIE Routing & Switching lab will be described in detail using an instructor led hands on demonstration. The class consists of over 80 hours of in depth explanations and examples.
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