CCIE R&S Advanced Technologies Class v4.5 - Enhanced Object Tracking, IP SLA, Reliable Static Routing

Transcript

1	Introduction	0h 43m
2	Using the Cisco Documentation	0h 52m
3	Ethernet Overview, Layer 2 Switchports, Trunking, ISL, 802.1q, DTP	0h 47m
4	VTP, VTP Authentication, VTP Pruning	1h 02m
5	VTP Prune Eligible List, VTP Transparent, VTP Troubleshooting, Trunk Allowed List, Extended VLANs	0h 48m
6	VLAN and VTP Review	0h 19m
7	SVIs, Native Routed Interfaces, Router-on-a-Stick	0h 46m
8	Layer 2 EtherChannel, EtherChannel Load Balancing, Layer 3 EtherChannel	0h 57m
9	802.1q Tunneling, Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling, EtherChannel over 802.1q Tunneling	1h 03m
10	STP Root Bridge Election, STP Root Port Election, STP Designated Port Election, STP Priority, STP Cost, STP Port-Priority	1h 46m
11	STP Review	0h 12m
12	STP Timers, STP PortFast	0h 34m
13	STP UplinkFast	0h 11m
14	STP BackboneFast	0h 12m
15	STP BPDU Filter	0h 13m
16	STP BPDU Guard	0h 11m
17	STP Root Guard	0h 11m
18	STP Loop Guard, Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)	0h 11m
19	Multiple Spanning-Tree Protocol (MST)	0h 40m
20	Rapid Spanning-Tree Protocol (RSTP), Rapid-PVST	0h 18m
21	MST with Multiple Regions	0h 33m
22	Flex Links	0h 16m
23	Frame Relay	0h 39m
24	Frame Relay Configuration Part 1	0h 34m
25	Frame Relay Configuration Part 2	0h 41m
26	Frame Relay Switching	0h 27m
27	Back-to-Back Frame Relay	0h 08m
28	Frame-Relay End-to-End Keepalives	0h 18m
29	PPP, PPP PAP Authentication, PPP CHAP Authentication	0h 59m
30	PPPoFR, PPPoE	0h 40m
31	Transparent Bridging, IRB	0h 32m
32	Fallback Bridging	0h 14m
33	IP Routing Overview, Switching Paths, Static Routing	0h 42m
34	Static Routing Examples	0h 25m
35	IP Default-Gateway, IP Default-Network	0h 14m
36	On-Demand Routing (ODR)	0h 07m
37	Floating Static Routes	0h 10m
38	Backup Interface	0h 29m
39	Enhanced Object Tracking, IP SLA, Reliable Static Routing	0h 21m
40	Policy Routing	0h 43m
41	GRE Tunneling, GRE Recursive Routing Errors	0h 27m
42	Reliable Backup Interface with GRE	0h 25m
43	RIP Overview, RIP Versions, RIP Auto-Summary	0h 48m
44	RIP Split-Horizon, RIP Timers	0h 22m
45	RIP Broadcast Updates, IP Directed Broadcast, IP Broadcast-Address, Smurf Attacks, Fraggle Attacks	0h 16m
46	RIP Unicast Updates	0h 03m
47	RIP Offset-List	0h 18m
48	RIP Authentication	0h 11m
49	RIP Summarization	0h 10m
50	Prefix-Lists, RIP Distribute-List Filtering, RIP Administrative Distance Filtering	0h 48m
51	RIP Default Routing, RIP Conditional Default Routing	0h 18m
52	RIP Triggered, RIP Validate Update Source,	0h 12m
53	EIGRP Overview	0h 29m
54	EIGRP Auto-Summary	0h 07m
55	EIGRP Split-Horizon	0h 11m
56	EIGRP Update Types, EIGRP Neighbor, EIGRP Passive-Interface	0h 24m
57	EIGRP Hello-Interval, EIGRP Hold-Time	0h 05m
58	EIGRP Authentication	0h 11m
59	EIGRP Time Based Authentication	0h 25m
60	EIGRP Path Selection, EIGRP Metric Weights, EIGRP Traffic Engineering	0h 47m
61	EIGRP Unequal Cost Load Balancing, EIGRP Variance	0h 19m
62	EIGRP QUERY, EIGRP Summarization, EIGRP Leak-Map	0h 28m
63	EIGRP Stub Router Advertisement	0h 22m
64	EIGRP Default Routing	0h 13m
65	EIGRP Route Filtering	0h 11m
66	EIGRP Router-ID	0h 07m
67	Miscellaneous EIGRP Features	0h 02m
68	OSPF Overview	0h 27m
69	Establishing OSPF Adjacencies, Understanding the OSPF Database	0h 43m
70	OSPF Network Type Broadcast, OSPF DR/BDR Election, OSPF over NBMA, OSPF Network Type Non-Broadcast and Point-to-Multipoint	0h 56m
71	OSPF Network Type Point-to-Point, OSPF Network Type Mismatch	0h 13m
72	OSPF Network Type Point-to-Multipoint Non-Broadcast, OSPF Per Neighbor Cost	0h 17m
73	OSPF Network Type Loopback	0h 02m
74	OSPF Path Selection	0h 27m
75	OSPF Convergence Timers	0h 09m
76	OSPF Authentication	0h 12m
77	OSPF Summarization	0h 32m
78	OSPF Stub Areas, OSPF Totally Stubby Areas, OSPF NSSAs, OSPF Totally NSSAs	0h 40m
79	Controlling OSPF NSSA Redistribution	0h 02m
80	OSPF Type 7 to 5 Translator Election, OSPF LSA Type 3 Filter, OSPF Forwarding Address Suppression	0h 24m
81	Route Redistribution Overview	0h 36m
82	Route Redistribution Configuration & Verification, Connected Redistribution	0h 22m
83	OSPF External Path Selection, TCL PING Scripting	0h 33m
84	Routing Loops Overview, EIGRP Route Loop Prevention	0h 55m
85	Metric Based Routing Loops, Route Tagging	0h 46m
86	Administrative Distance Based Routing Loops, Debug IP Routing, IP Route Profile	0h 58m
87	BGP Overview, BGP Peering Types	0h 51m
88	Establishing BGP Peerings, EBGP Multihop, BGP Neighbor Disable Connected Check, BGP TTL Security	0h 49m
89	BGP 4-Byte ASNs	0h 20m
90	BGP Local AS, BGP Peer Groups	0h 30m
91	BGP Next-Hop Self, BGP Next-Hop Processing	0h 30m
92	BGP Route Reflectors	0h 37m
93	Large Scale BGP Route Reflectors with Clusters	0h 34m
94	BGP Confederation	0h 37m
95	BGP NLRI Advertisements, BGP Network Statement, BGP Redistribution	0h 43m
96	BGP Aggregation, BGP Aggregation & Summary-Only, BGP Aggregation & Unsuppress-Map	0h 46m
97	BGP Origin, BGP Aggregation & AS-Set, BGP Aggregation & Advertise-Map	0h 22m
98	BGP Conditional Route Injection	0h 21m
99	BGP Bestpath Selection, BGP Multipath, BGP Weight	0h 53m
100	BGP Local Preference, BGP Local Preference and Communities, BGP AS-Path Prepending,	0h 30m
101	BGP MED, BGP MED Missing As Worst, BGP Deterministic MED	0h 17m
102	BGP Communites, BGP Regular Expressions	0h 43m
103	BGP Filtering, BGP Convergence Timers, BGP Default Routing, Miscellaneous BGP Features	0h 24m
104	MPLS Overview, MPLS Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)	1h 05m
105	MPLS Tunnels, MPLS Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP)	0h 40m
106	MPLS Layer 3 VPNs Overview, VRF Lite	0h 36m
107	MPLS Layer 3 VPNs and VPNv4 BGP	1h 08m
108	MPLS Layer 3 VPN Verification & Troubleshooting	0h 49m
109	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Overview	0h 06m
110	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Path Selection & Sham-Links	2h 01m
111	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Loop Prevention & Down-Bit, OSPF Capability VRF-Lite	0h 40m
112	IPv6 Overview, IPv6 ICMPv6 ND, IPv6 over NBMA	0h 44m
113	IPv6 Routing Overview, IPv6 Static Routing	0h 28m
114	IPv6 RIPng	0h 20m
115	IPv6 EIGRPv6	0h 09m
116	IPv6 OSPFv3	0h 31m
117	MP-BGP for IPv6	0h 26m
118	IPv6 Tunneling	1h 13m
119	Multicast Overview, IGMP	0h 34m
120	PIM Overview	0h 18m
121	PIM Dense Mode	1h 03m
122	PIM Sparse Mode	0h 30m
123	PIM Sparse Mode Configuration	0h 36m
124	PIM Sparse Mode RPF & RP Troubleshooting	0h 27m
125	Auto-RP, Multicast over GRE Tunnels	0h 53m
126	Bootstrap Router (BSR), Bidirectional PIM, Source Specific Multicast (SSM)	0h 40m
127	MSDP, Anycast RP	0h 27m
128	IPv6 Multicast Routing	0h 24m
129	QoS Overview, IntServ QoS, DiffServ QoS, IP Precedence, DSCP, MQC, HQF	0h 41m
130	MQC Classification	0h 44m
131	FIFO, FQ, WFQ, CBWFQ, HQF	0h 50m
132	LLQ	0h 23m
133	WRED	0h 31m
134	Traffic Shaping, Traffic Policing	0h 40m
135	Frame Relay Traffic Shaping (FRTS)	0h 33m
136	RSVP	0h 07m
137	Catalyst 3560 QoS	1h 00m
138	IOS Security Overview, Access Lists (ACLs)	0h 58m
139	Time Based ACLs, Dynamic ACLs	0h 33m
140	Reflexive ACLs	0h 21m
141	TCP Intercept, Content Based Access Control (CBAC)	0h 34m
142	Zone Based Policy Firewall (ZBPF)	1h 09m
143	AAA, Local Authentication, Local Authorization, Role Based CLI Access	0h 43m
144	Port Security, Static CAM Entries, Storm Control, 802.1X Authentication, PACLs, RACLs, VLAN Access Maps (VACLs)	0h 48m
145	DHCP Snooping, Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), IP Source Guard	0h 12m
146	Protected Ports, Private VLANs	0h 25m
147	IP Services Overview, HSRP	1h 10m
148	VRRP, GLBP	0h 28m
149	NAT	0h 42m
150	DHCP, DNS	0h 30m
151	NetFlow	0h 09m
152	WCCP, Miscellaneous IP Services	0h 06m
153	System Management Overview, NTP, NTP Authentication	0h 24m
154	SNMP, RMON	0h 38m
155	Syslog, Telnet, SSH, Banners	0h 21m
156	EEM Scripting, Miscellaneous System Management	0h 26m
Total Duration		81h 42m

Slides - Diagrams

Slides - Introduction

Slides - Ethernet Switching

Slides - Advanced Ethernet Switching

Slides - Frame Relay

Slides - PPP

Slides - Transport Bridging

Slides - Redistribution

Slides - IOS Security

Slides - Layer 2 Security

Slides - IP Services

Slides - System Management

0:00:13	In our next section here, we're gonna look at the
0:00:19	that can be used to solve the
0:00:22	where the line protocol status
0:00:26	is not a good indication for
0:00:30	whether connectivity actually
0:00:35	Now, this feature is independent...
0:00:38	of the other processes that could be used
0:00:44	It can be used for things like
0:00:48	Also for the first hop redundancy protocols
0:00:53	Basically, any process that we need to test whether
0:01:00	take some sort of action.
0:01:02	Like in the case of HSRP,
0:01:03	as the result of the enhanced
0:01:07	we can determine which device on the link should
0:01:13	In our case, we'll look at using this
0:01:17	to add reliability and more intelligence
0:01:24	Now, in the Object Tracking feature,
0:01:28	we can either look at things like the route entry
0:01:34	or the routing metric, whether
0:01:38	We could also use it with what's known
0:01:42	or the IP SLA feature.
0:01:44	This was previously known as the
0:01:51	And the "IP Service Assurance
0:01:56	The feature was actually renamed twice. Now,
0:02:03	What's really new about this feature though,
0:02:06	and we'll see, we'll use for a bunch of different
0:02:10	is that we can add application intelligence to
0:02:18	So, application intelligence in terms of things like,
0:02:22	can we actually reach the web server,
0:02:25	not only by pinging the address of the server,
0:02:28	but can we get a web page to make sure
0:02:33	Or in the case of DNS, not only
0:02:37	but can we get some sort of...
0:02:40	record return from them to make sure that the
0:02:49	Okay, same would be true if like DHCP.
0:02:52	I wanna know not only can I ping the DHCP server,
0:02:57	So, it's testing not only
0:03:01	but also whether the application
0:03:05	So, once we define these...
0:03:09	different tracking objects like the IP SLA,
0:03:12	or the embedded event manager,
0:03:15	then, we will reference this from
0:03:21	So, in our design here,
0:03:24	we're gonna be doing this on router 5.
0:03:27	On router 5, we'll say that
0:03:30	out the frame relay link to
0:03:36	If the frame relay link is not up,
0:03:41	to router 4 as the secondary.
0:03:45	What the problem is here,
0:03:51	is not a good indication of whether we actually
0:03:57	So, we could set up router 5
0:04:02	to see if we get a TCP
0:04:05	We could set it up to ping router 4,
0:04:08	to say, "If I don't get a ICMP echo
0:04:12	then, I'm gonna fall over
0:04:17	So, we're no longer relying on just
0:04:22	We're looking at some sort of
0:04:26	whether it's Layer 3 or above.
0:04:31	Now, documentation-wise,
0:04:33	this would be under the configuration guide
0:04:41	so this is where the Enhanced
0:04:45	the...
0:04:50	where the first hop redundancy
0:04:54	So, things like HSRP, GLBP, VRRP,
0:04:56	how those can be used to
0:05:01	We would also want to see the...
0:05:05	IP Service Level Agreement
0:05:08	which I believe has its own...
0:05:13	category which is here under Network
0:05:20	And in the IP SLA,
0:05:22	depending on the particular version
0:05:25	some of the newer platforms and newer feature sets
0:05:33	At a minimum,
0:05:35	most of them should allow you to
0:05:39	which would be just to test basic
0:05:44	But if we want to look
0:05:47	we could check like the HTTP operation.
0:05:52	We could say that we want to get an
0:06:01	So, we could say that "The URL is...
0:06:04	198.133 whatever the address they have here."
0:06:08	And in this case, they're trying to get...
0:06:11	just the...
0:06:13	whatever the top index is,
0:06:16	In this case, the next one,
0:06:20	which then, you would have to know what is the
0:06:27	So, probably, this would most likely
0:06:32	or if you were testing on this,
0:06:34	it would be something very basic that you could
0:06:40	In our case, we'll just look at the basic ICMP
0:06:47	But you can see that you could do...
0:06:49	FTP, if you wanna make sure if
0:06:53	TCP Connect...
0:06:55	would be for some sort of TCP application
0:07:00	Like, I wanna know,
0:07:04	Or can I associate to them?
0:07:05	So, we could just tell TCP Connect
0:07:07	to send the syn on that particular port.
0:07:13	So in this case, they're saying that...
0:07:17	"I'm connecting to address 10.0.0.1
0:07:23	If this is correct,
0:07:26	then...
0:07:27	the other side, which is...
0:07:31	the sender.
0:07:37	It should say that the...
0:07:39	the connection is up.
0:07:41	So, 23 here, this would be whatever
0:07:47	So once we define the IP SLA,
0:07:50	then, we're gonna define
0:07:54	So again, this is under the Application
0:07:58	There's a couple different
0:08:01	You could just look at
0:08:04	Like we were before with the Backup Interface
0:08:08	But again, the issue with this
0:08:11	is not a good indication of
0:08:15	We could look at whether a particular
0:08:20	So, if you have some router that you're tracking in
0:08:27	you can take an action based on that.
0:08:29	You could say the if the metric of a prefix changes,
0:08:34	the state of an IP SLA operation which is what
0:08:42	you could also do multiples of these at the same time,
0:08:49	this would allow us to do
0:08:56	where if I create multiple...
0:09:07	multiple conditions of the object,
0:09:11	it says, "Track 100 list boolean and."
0:09:14	Then, what are the other
0:09:19	We could say for example that
0:09:24	the line protocol is up,
0:09:26	and that I can ping
0:09:29	but also that the route to them is
0:09:34	So, you can combine a different list
0:09:38	Using the logical and or the logical or.
0:09:40	In our case, we'll just look at a
0:09:45	So, the first things I'm
0:09:48	I'm going to remove the previous...
0:09:53	backup configuration and the
0:09:57	So, on router 4,
0:09:59	we are no longer doing
0:10:06	If we go to router 5,
0:10:10	the frame relay interface,
0:10:14	It was previously shutdown.
0:10:15	Then, let's say, Do Show
0:10:24	Now, the...
0:10:26	top route, this is my backup route.
0:10:30	The bottom one is my primary route.
0:10:34	So, I'm going to...
0:10:37	remove both of these.
0:10:40	And we'll recreate them with
0:10:43	So that one is a floating static route;
0:10:47	The bottom one, this
0:10:52	I'll say, just for clarity,
0:10:55	The one above it,
0:10:58	that goes to the
0:11:02	This will have a distance of 20.
0:11:07	At this point, we would then be
0:11:11	to figure out which one of
0:11:14	So, assuming that the first link
0:11:17	can be installed in the routing table,
0:11:20	If the first link is not installed, then, it
0:11:27	So, essentially what I would wanna add here
0:11:32	I wanna make sure that
0:11:35	And if it says that connectivity
0:11:38	then, we're gonna fall back over
0:11:44	So next, I'll define
0:11:48	and then the enhanced object to
0:11:52	So, we'll say, IP SLA,
0:11:55	give it a number, we'll say 1.
0:11:58	Now, I choose, what is the type
0:12:03	In this case, we'll do just an
0:12:08	I want to ping...
0:12:10	the frame relay interface of router 4.
0:12:14	I will source this...
0:12:18	from my own frame relay interface.
0:12:25	Then, depending on the individual
0:12:29	you'll see different sub-options here.
0:12:31	So, the HTTP operation is gonna be
0:12:36	Really, the only thing
0:12:38	the frequency...
0:12:41	and the time-out.
0:12:44	I'll say, "How often do I
0:12:46	Let's say, "Every 5 seconds."
0:12:50	Now, what's the time-out
0:12:53	to figure out, was this
0:12:56	I'll say, "The time-out
0:12:59	So, I'm giving the other side of the link 2
0:13:05	We could then say...
0:13:07	"How many...
0:13:10	subsequent failed operations...
0:13:13	need to occur before the
0:13:18	Here, we'll just use the default.
0:13:19	So, you'll see, there's a lot of different sub-options
0:13:23	and with the tracking feature.
0:13:28	Now, I'm going to start the process.
0:13:31	IP SLA 1 Schedule,
0:13:34	or actually, IP SLA Schedule 1.
0:13:38	I want to start now,
0:13:42	and the lifetime is forever.
0:13:47	So, if the router reboots, then,
0:13:51	If I want it to be sort of timed operation,
0:13:55	But I just want this to go forever.
0:13:59	Now, if I were to look
0:14:04	the...
0:14:10	statistics for entry number 1,
0:14:14	the only thing I really care about here...
0:14:18	is what's the return code?
0:14:22	If the return code is "OK",
0:14:29	If the return code is anything besides
0:14:35	Ultimately, what should happen...
0:14:37	is that if the object goes down,
0:14:40	the static route will then be
0:14:44	which means we will fall
0:14:49	If we continue to look at this,
0:14:52	we should see that the...
0:14:55	number of successes keep going up,
0:14:57	and the number of
0:15:00	Because at this point, there's nothing wrong with
0:15:04	not getting responses
0:15:07	So, if we were to look at router 4,
0:15:10	and say, Debug IP ICMP,
0:15:13	we would see that every 5 seconds,
0:15:15	we should be receiving the ping in from router 5
0:15:25	So next, let's see...
0:15:27	what's gonna happen...
0:15:30	once the pings stop working?
0:15:32	This is where we define
0:15:35	So, on global config.,
0:15:38	Give it a number. I'll say,
0:15:41	I am wanting to track
0:15:47	So, you can see, there's other
0:15:49	the interface line protocol status.
0:15:52	The IP route, whether that's in the table,
0:15:55	the list would be for the boolean
0:15:59	A stub object would be for the
0:16:05	We'll take a look at EEM
0:16:08	We're not gonna go into a
0:16:11	but there's a lot of different flexibility
0:16:16	from a...
0:16:18	like a scripting programming point of view.
0:16:20	So, I could configure some...
0:16:23	script that says...
0:16:25	"Look at the...
0:16:28	the load on the interface of router 5.
0:16:32	Or maybe look at some sort of errors.
0:16:37	Or look at basically, any other variable
0:16:44	the number of resets, if there's
0:16:48	Then, if this has exceeded,
0:16:50	then, I could report the tracked object down,
0:16:55	So, there's a lot of flexibility
0:16:58	it's basically full-blown
0:17:05	So, I just wanna track the
0:17:10	I want to track the state of this...
0:17:14	whether it's up or down.
0:17:17	In here, I could say, what is the delay
0:17:22	between up and down?
0:17:23	At this point, I'll just
0:17:29	If we now look at the Show
0:17:34	it says that "The state of the
0:17:37	because the SLA instance number 1
0:17:45	If we report anything besides OK,
0:17:51	which then in turn will remove our
0:17:56	because the tracked object is going to
0:18:01	So, this is our last piece of the
0:18:05	we need to say that for our static route
0:18:09	Which is the top one.
0:18:16	We're going to track object number 2.
0:18:26	We can now look at the Debug Track,
0:18:30	which would show us
0:18:35	And let's now go to router 4.
0:18:40	And we will shut the frame
0:18:44	So now, on router 4, they loose
0:18:49	Again, from router 5's perspective,
0:18:54	this is not going to update
0:19:02	Since the ping timed out, now,
0:19:06	which implies that now,
0:19:12	If we look at the result of
0:19:16	we see that now the route that
0:19:21	is installed as opposed
0:19:26	So if we trace the route to
0:19:32	we see that we're going over the secondary
0:19:38	Once router 4...
0:19:41	brings the link back up,
0:19:48	we should see after the LMI converges,
0:19:52	and router 4 starts to receive...
0:19:54	the pings and then send the replies back,
0:19:57	the tracked object should
0:20:00	which means that we will insert the
0:20:20	We could see now, the object
0:20:24	if we look at the Show IP Route Static,
0:20:26	we could see now, the
0:20:30	If we look at the Traceroute, we can see packets
0:20:34	not over the backup link.
0:20:40	So, this type of feature is very useful...
0:20:43	in any of environment where you
0:20:47	So, you don't wanna use OSPF for
0:20:52	or anything else in a
0:20:55	but you still wanna add some sort of intelligence out
0:21:03	So, a very common
0:21:06	is when you're using
0:21:09	So, if I have router 1 here...
0:21:13	that connects to the DSL modem,
0:21:18	where the DSL modem again is a
0:21:25	Then, the modem connects to the...
0:21:28	"DSL Aggregation Multiplexer", the DSLAM,
0:21:32	which then goes on to
0:21:39	The problem in this design..
0:21:42	is that if the ATM PVC is down,
0:21:47	this will not update the
0:21:50	between the router and...
0:21:53	the modem.
0:21:55	So, router 2 says the link is up.
0:21:57	If I have a static route that
0:22:01	just the default route out to the Internet,
0:22:03	then, all those packets
0:22:06	So, on router 1, what we could do is say,
0:22:11	then, I'm gonna ping the
0:22:15	If I get an echo response
0:22:18	I can assume that everything along
0:22:24	So, not just my local link status, the actual end
0:22:31	Then, if for some reason
0:22:33	we can reroute maybe out some...
0:22:35	secondary link.

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CCIE R&S Advanced Technologies Class v4.5
Title:	CCIE R&S Advanced Technologies Class v4.5
Duration:	81h 42m
The CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class is the first step in understanding CCIE level technologies and is a companion to the Advanced Technologies Lab Workbook. Each technology you need to know for the CCIE Routing & Switching lab will be described in detail using an instructor led hands on demonstration. The class consists of over 80 hours of in depth explanations and examples.
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