CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class - Frame-Relay End-to-End Keepalives

Transcript

1	Introduction	0h 43m
2	Using the Cisco Documentation	0h 52m
3	Ethernet Overview, Layer 2 Switchports, Trunking, ISL, 802.1q, DTP	0h 47m
4	VTP, VTP Authentication, VTP Pruning	1h 02m
5	VTP Prune Eligible List, VTP Transparent, VTP Troubleshooting, Trunk Allowed List, Extended VLANs	0h 48m
6	VLAN and VTP Review	0h 19m
7	SVIs, Native Routed Interfaces, Router-on-a-Stick	0h 46m
8	Layer 2 EtherChannel, EtherChannel Load Balancing, Layer 3 EtherChannel	0h 57m
9	802.1q Tunneling, Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling, EtherChannel over 802.1q Tunneling	1h 03m
10	STP Root Bridge Election, STP Root Port Election, STP Designated Port Election, STP Priority, STP Cost, STP Port-Priority	1h 46m
11	STP Review	0h 12m
12	STP Timers, STP PortFast	0h 34m
13	STP UplinkFast	0h 11m
14	STP BackboneFast	0h 12m
15	STP BPDU Filter	0h 13m
16	STP BPDU Guard	0h 11m
17	STP Root Guard	0h 11m
18	STP Loop Guard, Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)	0h 11m
19	Multiple Spanning-Tree Protocol (MST)	0h 40m
20	Rapid Spanning-Tree Protocol (RSTP), Rapid-PVST	0h 18m
21	MST with Multiple Regions	0h 33m
22	Flex Links	0h 16m
23	Frame Relay	0h 39m
24	Frame Relay Configuration Part 1	0h 34m
25	Frame Relay Configuration Part 2	0h 41m
26	Frame Relay Switching	0h 27m
27	Back-to-Back Frame Relay	0h 08m
28	Frame-Relay End-to-End Keepalives	0h 18m
29	PPP, PPP PAP Authentication, PPP CHAP Authentication	0h 59m
30	PPPoFR, PPPoE	0h 40m
31	Transparent Bridging, IRB	0h 32m
32	Fallback Bridging	0h 14m
33	IP Routing Overview, Switching Paths, Static Routing	0h 42m
34	Static Routing Examples	0h 25m
35	IP Default-Gateway, IP Default-Network	0h 14m
36	On-Demand Routing (ODR)	0h 07m
37	Floating Static Routes	0h 10m
38	Backup Interface	0h 29m
39	Enhanced Object Tracking, IP SLA, Reliable Static Routing	0h 21m
40	Policy Routing	0h 43m
41	GRE Tunneling, GRE Recursive Routing Errors	0h 27m
42	Reliable Backup Interface with GRE	0h 25m
43	RIP Overview, RIP Versions, RIP Auto-Summary	0h 48m
44	RIP Split-Horizon, RIP Timers	0h 22m
45	RIP Broadcast Updates, IP Directed Broadcast, IP Broadcast-Address, Smurf Attacks, Fraggle Attacks	0h 16m
46	RIP Unicast Updates	0h 03m
47	RIP Offset-List	0h 18m
48	RIP Authentication	0h 11m
49	RIP Summarization	0h 10m
50	Prefix-Lists, RIP Distribute-List Filtering, RIP Administrative Distance Filtering	0h 48m
51	RIP Default Routing, RIP Conditional Default Routing	0h 18m
52	RIP Triggered, RIP Validate Update Source,	0h 12m
53	EIGRP Overview	0h 29m
54	EIGRP Auto-Summary	0h 07m
55	EIGRP Split-Horizon	0h 11m
56	EIGRP Update Types, EIGRP Neighbor, EIGRP Passive-Interface	0h 24m
57	EIGRP Hello-Interval, EIGRP Hold-Time	0h 05m
58	EIGRP Authentication	0h 11m
59	EIGRP Time Based Authentication	0h 25m
60	EIGRP Path Selection, EIGRP Metric Weights, EIGRP Traffic Engineering	0h 47m
61	EIGRP Unequal Cost Load Balancing, EIGRP Variance	0h 19m
62	EIGRP QUERY, EIGRP Summarization, EIGRP Leak-Map	0h 28m
63	EIGRP Stub Router Advertisement	0h 22m
64	EIGRP Default Routing	0h 13m
65	EIGRP Route Filtering	0h 11m
66	EIGRP Router-ID	0h 07m
67	Miscellaneous EIGRP Features	0h 02m
68	OSPF Overview	0h 27m
69	Establishing OSPF Adjacencies, Understanding the OSPF Database	0h 43m
70	OSPF Network Type Broadcast, OSPF DR/BDR Election, OSPF over NBMA, OSPF Network Type Non-Broadcast and Point-to-Multipoint	0h 56m
71	OSPF Network Type Point-to-Point, OSPF Network Type Mismatch	0h 13m
72	OSPF Network Type Point-to-Multipoint Non-Broadcast, OSPF Per Neighbor Cost	0h 17m
73	OSPF Network Type Loopback	0h 02m
74	OSPF Path Selection	0h 27m
75	OSPF Convergence Timers	0h 09m
76	OSPF Authentication	0h 12m
77	OSPF Summarization	0h 32m
78	OSPF Stub Areas, OSPF Totally Stubby Areas, OSPF NSSAs, OSPF Totally NSSAs	0h 40m
79	Controlling OSPF NSSA Redistribution	0h 02m
80	OSPF Type 7 to 5 Translator Election, OSPF LSA Type 3 Filter, OSPF Forwarding Address Suppression	0h 24m
81	Route Redistribution Overview	0h 36m
82	Route Redistribution Configuration & Verification, Connected Redistribution	0h 22m
83	OSPF External Path Selection, TCL PING Scripting	0h 33m
84	Routing Loops Overview, EIGRP Route Loop Prevention	0h 55m
85	Metric Based Routing Loops, Route Tagging	0h 46m
86	Administrative Distance Based Routing Loops, Debug IP Routing, IP Route Profile	0h 58m
87	BGP Overview, BGP Peering Types	0h 51m
88	Establishing BGP Peerings, EBGP Multihop, BGP Neighbor Disable Connected Check, BGP TTL Security	0h 49m
89	BGP 4-Byte ASNs	0h 20m
90	BGP Local AS, BGP Peer Groups	0h 30m
91	BGP Next-Hop Self, BGP Next-Hop Processing	0h 30m
92	BGP Route Reflectors	0h 37m
93	Large Scale BGP Route Reflectors with Clusters	0h 34m
94	BGP Confederation	0h 37m
95	BGP NLRI Advertisements, BGP Network Statement, BGP Redistribution	0h 43m
96	BGP Aggregation, BGP Aggregation & Summary-Only, BGP Aggregation & Unsuppress-Map	0h 46m
97	BGP Origin, BGP Aggregation & AS-Set, BGP Aggregation & Advertise-Map	0h 22m
98	BGP Conditional Route Injection	0h 21m
99	BGP Bestpath Selection, BGP Multipath, BGP Weight	0h 53m
100	BGP Local Preference, BGP Local Preference and Communities, BGP AS-Path Prepending,	0h 30m
101	BGP MED, BGP MED Missing As Worst, BGP Deterministic MED	0h 34m
102	BGP Communites, BGP Regular Expressions	0h 43m
103	BGP Filtering, BGP Convergence Timers, BGP Default Routing, Miscellaneous BGP Features	0h 24m
104	MPLS Overview, MPLS Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)	1h 05m
105	MPLS Tunnels, MPLS Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP)	0h 40m
106	MPLS Layer 3 VPNs Overview, VRF Lite	0h 36m
107	MPLS Layer 3 VPNs and VPNv4 BGP	1h 08m
108	MPLS Layer 3 VPN Verification & Troubleshooting	0h 49m
109	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Overview	0h 06m
110	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Path Selection & Sham-Links	2h 01m
111	MPLS Layer 3 VPN OSPF PE-CE Routing Loop Prevention & Down-Bit, OSPF Capability VRF-Lite	0h 40m
112	IPv6 Overview, IPv6 ICMPv6 ND, IPv6 over NBMA	0h 44m
113	IPv6 Routing Overview, IPv6 Static Routing	0h 28m
114	IPv6 RIPng	0h 20m
115	IPv6 EIGRPv6	0h 09m
116	IPv6 OSPFv3	0h 31m
117	MP-BGP for IPv6	0h 26m
118	IPv6 Tunneling	1h 13m
119	Multicast Overview, IGMP	0h 34m
120	PIM Overview	0h 18m
121	PIM Dense Mode	1h 03m
122	PIM Sparse Mode	0h 30m
123	PIM Sparse Mode Configuration	0h 36m
124	PIM Sparse Mode RPF & RP Troubleshooting	0h 27m
125	Auto-RP, Multicast over GRE Tunnels	0h 53m
126	Bootstrap Router (BSR), Bidirectional PIM, Source Specific Multicast (SSM)	0h 40m
127	MSDP, Anycast RP	0h 27m
128	IPv6 Multicast Routing	0h 24m
129	QoS Overview, IntServ QoS, DiffServ QoS, IP Precedence, DSCP, MQC, HQF	0h 41m
130	MQC Classification	0h 44m
131	FIFO, FQ, WFQ, CBWFQ, HQF	0h 50m
132	LLQ	0h 23m
133	WRED	0h 31m
134	Traffic Shaping, Traffic Policing	0h 40m
135	Frame Relay Traffic Shaping (FRTS)	0h 33m
136	RSVP	0h 07m
137	Catalyst 3560 QoS	1h 00m
138	IOS Security Overview, Access Lists (ACLs)	0h 58m
139	Time Based ACLs, Dynamic ACLs	0h 33m
140	Reflexive ACLs	0h 21m
141	TCP Intercept, Content Based Access Control (CBAC)	0h 34m
142	Zone Based Policy Firewall (ZBPF)	1h 09m
143	AAA, Local Authentication, Local Authorization, Role Based CLI Access	0h 43m
144	Port Security, Static CAM Entries, Storm Control, 802.1X Authentication, PACLs, RACLs, VLAN Access Maps (VACLs)	0h 48m
145	DHCP Snooping, Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), IP Source Guard	0h 12m
146	Protected Ports, Private VLANs	0h 25m
147	IP Services Overview, HSRP	1h 10m
148	VRRP, GLBP	0h 28m
149	NAT	0h 42m
150	DHCP, DNS	0h 30m
151	NetFlow	0h 09m
152	WCCP, Miscellaneous IP Services	0h 06m
153	System Management Overview, NTP, NTP Authentication	0h 24m
154	SNMP, RMON	0h 38m
155	Syslog, Telnet, SSH, Banners	0h 21m
156	EEM Scripting, Miscellaneous System Management	0h 26m
Total Duration		81h 59m

Slides - Diagrams

Slides - Introduction

Slides - Ethernet Switching

Slides - Advanced Ethernet Switching

Slides - Frame Relay

Slides - PPP

Slides - Transport Bridging

Slides - Redistribution

Slides - IOS Security

Slides - Layer 2 Security

Slides - IP Services

Slides - System Management

0:00:14	Our next feature we have here for frame relay is known
0:00:22	And it's designed to solve cases
0:00:24	where the Local Management
0:00:28	cannot report an accurate status of the end-to-end
0:00:35	So, between the two routers.
0:00:38	Now, in the normal case for LMI,
0:00:44	that if one of the switches went down, or the link
0:00:50	the other end of the circuit
0:00:53	with the circuit status going to inactive.
0:00:57	And again, we can see that when we look
0:01:01	The problem is that in some designs,
0:01:05	if we have a true frame relay network that is
0:01:12	typically, the providers would
0:01:16	or more commonly today,
0:01:19	if frame relay is being tunneled
0:01:25	like in the any transport over MPLS feature.
0:01:30	So in that case, the LMI is not
0:01:37	So, as part of the frame
0:01:40	there's a separate Layer 2 keepalive that is known
0:01:48	that runs directly between the DTE devices.
0:01:53	So, the idea behind this is that
0:01:57	to figure out if the link is up or down,
0:02:07	Now, configuration wise, this is gonna be
0:02:13	not to be confused with the
0:02:18	So, Map Class if for legacy frame relay
0:02:23	or if we were to do frame relay traffic shaping,
0:02:25	frame relay header compression, frame relay discard
0:02:34	So first, we define the Map Class name,
0:02:37	then, we pick what is the particular mode that
0:02:44	The important point to note about this...
0:02:47	is that it has to be run between
0:02:51	So, if you enable it on one side,
0:02:54	If I configure router 1 with the
0:03:02	this means that it is expecting the
0:03:09	In turn, if router 1 is configured to reply,
0:03:13	but it does not receive any requests
0:03:17	it will report its local circuit status down.
0:03:23	So, we need to make sure when we're doing this
0:03:28	on the correct circuits, and that it is between...
0:03:32	both of the neighbors across the link.
0:03:36	Now, the place where you could
0:03:39	is that when you apply the class,
0:03:42	there's two different options. We can
0:03:48	So, this one goes to the DLCI.
0:03:51	The frame relay class goes to the interface.
0:03:59	Now, why would they give us two options here?
0:04:09	If we apply the class to the interface,
0:04:15	It will be inherited by all circuits on that link.
0:04:19	So, if we have the main interface
0:04:24	and we use the Frame Relay Class command,
0:04:26	it means that the class would be
0:04:30	If I were only trying to run
0:04:35	then, that's gonna be a problem.
0:04:37	So, typically, the case within the lab
0:04:42	would be that if you have
0:04:45	where let's say router 1 is the hub...
0:04:49	of a frame relay network
0:04:56	Router 2 and to router 3.
0:05:01	On router 1, we have two different circuits,
0:05:06	and circuit 103 that goes to router 3.
0:05:12	In this case, I want to run end-to-end
0:05:18	but not between 1 and 3.
0:05:22	If I configure the class on both router 1 and 2,
0:05:26	and apply it to the interface on router 2,
0:05:29	and the interface of router 1,
0:05:32	it means it would also be applied this direction.
0:05:38	This is not necessarily bad as long
0:05:43	to use a compatible mode with
0:05:47	So, if router 1 is saying Request, it would
0:05:54	The other option would be to apply it
0:05:58	and then, we know that it goes just to that
0:06:05	So, let's look at an example of this here...
0:06:08	with the hub and spoke network
0:06:24	So first, between them, we'll go to the main
0:06:30	On router 3, this is serial 1/0.
0:06:33	We'll say, Encapsulation Frame Relay.
0:06:38	The IP address will be 123.0.0.3 on router 3,
0:06:45	and we have mappings to get to router 1...
0:06:51	via circuit 301.
0:06:54	And mappings to router 2 via the same circuit.
0:07:00	Okay, and actually, I would want to...
0:07:04	not use the broadcast keyword
0:07:06	So, I have multiple mappings that
0:07:10	The reason that I need to do that
0:07:14	the router doesn't know the binding between
0:07:21	Even if we were to run inverse ARP,
0:07:23	we would only be able to resolve router 1
0:07:29	But in this case, I wanna be able to
0:07:37	so, let's take this configuration and we'll
0:07:41	On router 2,
0:07:45	the only thing that's gonna be different is the interface,
0:07:54	So, from router 2, this is 201...
0:07:57	that goes to 1 and 3.
0:08:09	Then, on router 1,
0:08:14	we have the mapping to routers 2 and 3.
0:08:17	This would be via 102 and 103.
0:08:24	So, personally, I like to write a two
0:08:28	or any text editor, because then,
0:08:31	Sometimes, it's easier to catch your errors in syntax if
0:08:38	Especially when it's a configuration like this that's
0:08:44	So again, you will have access to do that
0:08:53	So next, let's look at the
0:08:58	And look at what's the status of the DLCIs.
0:09:02	Ideally, I want to see that both
0:09:09	So, those are the circuits that goes
0:09:14	Okay, which they are. Both of them
0:09:19	Next, if we look at the
0:09:23	I have the static mappings that
0:09:27	So now, I should be able to reach...
0:09:30	router 2...
0:09:32	and router 3, which I can.
0:09:35	From router 2,
0:09:37	we know that we can reach 1.
0:09:39	Because if 1 can reach 2, it implies that...
0:09:45	2 can reach 1.
0:09:48	Then, if we test connectivity between the spokes,
0:09:51	we can see both 2 and 3 can reach each other.
0:09:55	So now, we have full connectivity over
0:09:59	Next step is that we're gonna add
0:10:03	So, I wanna run this just between
0:10:07	So on router 1, this should
0:10:11	On router 2, this is gonna be on 201.
0:10:21	Next step is we create the
0:10:25	So, Map Class for Frame Relay.
0:10:29	We'll call this EEK. So, any name.
0:10:38	Next, I wanna set the frame
0:10:43	You can also see if you look at the frame relay options here,
0:10:48	Frame relay fragmentation,
0:10:51	the QoS stuff, like the adaptive shaping,
0:10:56	CIR and the minimum CIR.
0:10:58	We'll come back and talk about this stuff
0:11:02	But in this case, we're using it for
0:11:08	Now, I wanna know what is the mode.
0:11:10	This determines, am I sending the
0:11:15	Are we doing it both ways?
0:11:17	Or we're only replying once
0:11:21	So, in this case, I'll say that router 1
0:11:27	Then, on the other end, router 2
0:11:32	Next, at the interface level,
0:11:35	Frame Relay Class is EEK.
0:11:41	Then, we'll do the same thing on router 2,
0:11:48	EEK.
0:11:49	We want frame relay end-to-end...
0:11:54	keepalives.
0:11:55	And the mode will be to reply.
0:12:01	Then, at the link level, we have
0:12:06	Now, ideally, what we should see
0:12:11	that when we look at
0:12:16	PVC's.
0:12:18	and look at the individual DLCIs,
0:12:21	we have a new status...
0:12:24	that is for the end-to-end keepalives.
0:12:27	So, on whatever circuits that
0:12:32	which are...
0:12:33	all five of these.
0:12:36	We are now looking at the end-to-end
0:12:43	So, it tells us that LMI says
0:12:47	but end-to-end keepalive says that's
0:12:53	For the circuit that goes over to router 2,
0:12:56	the EEK status is up, because
0:13:02	for which we are requesting.
0:13:10	So again, this is the example of...
0:13:13	the error in applying the class. Since I'm
0:13:18	it's being inherited by both of the circuits,
0:13:20	but in reality, I only want to
0:13:25	So, instead what I should do...
0:13:28	is not apply this to the main interface,
0:13:31	but go to the individual circuit, so we'll
0:13:38	And apply the Class EEK.
0:13:43	So now, if we look at the running config,
0:13:47	now, the class goes only to that individual circuit.
0:13:50	If we look at the PVC status,
0:13:53	we see now, this is not affecting...
0:13:55	circuit 103.
0:14:01	If we test connectivity again,
0:14:03	we should be able to reach
0:14:09	Another common mistake with this
0:14:14	go to the Frame Relay Interface DLCI Mode,
0:14:19	so this is DLCI 102.
0:14:22	And then, instead of saying Class EEK,
0:14:29	which notice it does what?
0:14:35	When the parser returned the prompt,
0:14:38	it didn't return me to the same mode I was at before.
0:14:41	I was previously under the Frame Relay DLCI.
0:14:44	When I hit enter, it returned me
0:14:50	What does that mean when the router
0:14:55	than you are in before you entered a command?
0:15:02	Okay, it actually means that my command was
0:15:10	So, if we look at the result in running config,
0:15:14	we should see that the Frame Relay Class
0:15:20	It wasn't applied under the circuit.
0:15:22	Because the syntax under the circuit is the Class
0:15:28	So then again, we end up in that same error...
0:15:31	where now, router 3 circuit is declared down,
0:15:36	which means that we cannot send packets to them.
0:15:41	So, if the EEK status of the circuit is down,
0:15:44	the router will not use it for switching.
0:15:49	So, I would be able to reach router 2,
0:15:52	but not router 3.
0:16:06	So, if we look at our final configuration here on
0:16:17	The Map Class is router 1 is requesting.
0:16:20	Which means that...
0:16:21	router 2,
0:16:24	would either have to say the mode is
0:16:29	So, passive reply means that
0:16:33	before you would declare the circuit down.
0:16:36	There's also some other options you can
0:16:43	for receiving requests?
0:16:49	Okay, this would be, how many do you need
0:16:55	Then, the success events would be the opposite.
0:16:59	how many new successful...
0:17:02	events do you need to happen in a row
0:17:08	So, these type of options really don't matter.
0:17:11	If you needed to apply these in the exam,
0:17:13	you could just look up the command reference for...
0:17:16	the Frame Relay End-to-End Keepalive command,
0:17:18	and then, figure out what are
0:17:24	Now, documentation wise,
0:17:27	if we go to the main...
0:17:30	documentation page.
0:17:32	Under products...
0:17:34	to IOS.
0:17:36	Cisco IOS 12.4T,
0:17:41	then, to Configuration Guides.
0:17:44	Frame Relay is gonna be towards the bottom...
0:17:48	under WAN.
0:17:50	So, Wide Area Networking
0:17:54	Then, under this first part,
0:17:59	Most of the topics will be under this first
0:18:04	But you could see some
0:18:06	frame relay fragmentation,
0:18:08	IP RTP priority, PPP over frame relay,
0:18:14	But something like end-to-end keepalives, this would be
0:18:26	So, Configuring Frame Relay
0:18:28	Also, configuring PPP over frame
0:18:33	So, it doesn't hurt to spend a couple
0:18:38	and see what are some of the other features.
0:18:40	Like Frame Relay Fragmentation,
0:18:43	it's supports a Layer 2 fragmentation...
0:18:46	as opposed to like Ethernet.
0:18:48	Which if you wanted to do
0:18:52	you would have to do fragmentation at the
0:18:57	But frame relay itself supports
0:19:02	that you would sue for some sort of

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CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class
Title:	CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class
Duration:	81h 59m
The CCIE Routing & Switching Advanced Technologies Class is the first step in understanding CCIE level technologies and is a companion to the Advanced Technologies Lab Workbook. Each technology you need to know for the CCIE Routing & Switching lab will be described in detail using an instructor led hands on demonstration. The class consists of over 80 hours of in depth explanations and examples.
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Frame-Relay End-to-End Keepalives

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