|
0:00:14
|
Continuing on with our final section
|
|
0:00:19
|
and transparent bridging,
|
|
0:00:20
|
we're gonna spend just a few minutes on this, talking
|
|
0:00:27
|
bridging on the routers with the
|
|
0:00:32
|
the Integrated Routing
|
|
0:00:35
|
And then, also on the Layer 2 switches,
|
|
0:00:42
|
Now, transparent bridging is basically the same thing that
|
|
0:00:50
|
where we are using the
|
|
0:00:53
|
where we can only
|
|
0:00:56
|
We have the root bridge election.
|
|
0:00:58
|
Followed by the rootport and the root,
|
|
0:01:03
|
When we enable
|
|
0:01:05
|
it's important to note that the IOS
|
|
0:01:10
|
but not both of them
|
|
0:01:13
|
The routers by default
|
|
0:01:16
|
Whereas on the switches,
|
|
0:01:20
|
That's why we have to
|
|
0:01:23
|
on the switches before we
|
|
0:01:28
|
Configuration of this is
|
|
0:01:32
|
We've seen a couple examples. I did this while
|
|
0:01:37
|
to see what happen when the different
|
|
0:01:42
|
Where this will be defined
|
|
0:01:45
|
in global configuration on the routers.
|
|
0:01:49
|
So, to configure the transparent bridge group,
|
|
0:01:54
|
Where number 1 is essentially the VLAN number
|
|
0:02:00
|
Then, we apply this to the interface with the
|
|
0:02:05
|
Now, it's important to note that
|
|
0:02:10
|
if we want to bridge IP, we would
|
|
0:02:16
|
With the No IP Routing command.
|
|
0:02:18
|
Additionally, if we want to bridge over
|
|
0:02:24
|
like a multipoint frame relay interface,
|
|
0:02:29
|
for that particular protocol stack.
|
|
0:02:31
|
So, we would say,
|
|
0:02:34
|
as opposed to Frame Relay Map IP.
|
|
0:02:39
|
So, let's take a look
|
|
0:02:43
|
Where we have router 1...
|
|
0:02:48
|
connected to the...
|
|
0:02:53
|
Ethernet domain
|
|
0:02:54
|
that goes over to router 2.
|
|
0:02:59
|
And then, router 1
|
|
0:03:04
|
that goes over to router 3.
|
|
0:03:09
|
And router 3 has another LAN
|
|
0:03:13
|
So, what we should see
|
|
0:03:16
|
once bridging is enabled on the LAN
|
|
0:03:23
|
and likewise, the LAN and the
|
|
0:03:26
|
that router 2 and 4
|
|
0:03:29
|
would then be in the
|
|
0:03:34
|
So, router 2 will have
|
|
0:03:39
|
Router 4 will be 24.0.0.4.
|
|
0:03:43
|
So first, let's set up the...
|
|
0:03:46
|
the WAN configuration
|
|
0:03:50
|
This will be on router
|
|
0:03:57
|
So, we'll say, Encapsulation Frame Relay.
|
|
0:04:02
|
For basic testing, I'll put an
|
|
0:04:07
|
13.0.0.3.
|
|
0:04:11
|
And we'll say,
|
|
0:04:17
|
13.0.0.1 is on circuit 301.
|
|
0:04:23
|
On router 1,
|
|
0:04:26
|
we'll do the same thing.
|
|
0:04:28
|
IP address is 13.0.0.1.
|
|
0:04:33
|
Frame Relay Map IP 13.0.0...
|
|
0:04:38
|
3 is via circuit 103.
|
|
0:04:42
|
So, assuming that our basic
|
|
0:04:45
|
Router 1 should be able to
|
|
0:04:49
|
router 3.
|
|
0:04:51
|
Which we can.
|
|
0:04:53
|
So again, this would then be eliminating any
|
|
0:04:59
|
once we configure bridging
|
|
0:05:04
|
I wanna make sure that there's nothing wrong
|
|
0:05:08
|
before I process on the next step,
|
|
0:05:13
|
So, on router 1, we should also
|
|
0:05:18
|
Which is 10.0.0.2.
|
|
0:05:28
|
And I believe we still have the...
|
|
0:05:35
|
The PPP configuration from before.
|
|
0:05:45
|
let me remove the PPP.
|
|
0:05:48
|
Okay, I'll put the IP address
|
|
0:05:52
|
So, at this point, I'm not actually doing
|
|
0:05:57
|
testing to make sure that
|
|
0:06:09
|
Then, on router 2,
|
|
0:06:18
|
I need to remove the dialer interface.
|
|
0:06:23
|
And I'll set the Ethernet back to its...
|
|
0:06:26
|
default.
|
|
0:06:34
|
So, IP address on the
|
|
0:06:40
|
And I wanna see, can I ping 12.0.0.1?
|
|
0:06:47
|
Which I can. Then, the last
|
|
0:06:52
|
3's LAN interface
|
|
0:06:55
|
that I have reachability to router 4.
|
|
0:07:00
|
Which I do. So, at this point, what it's
|
|
0:07:05
|
router 2 can reach 1.
|
|
0:07:06
|
1 can reach 3, and 3 can reach 4.
|
|
0:07:11
|
Currently, 1 and 3 are routing IP.
|
|
0:07:15
|
So, once the bridge group is configured,
|
|
0:07:18
|
we wouldn't be able to bridge IP packets between
|
|
0:07:26
|
So, the next thing I'm gonna
|
|
0:07:29
|
change their IP address so
|
|
0:07:33
|
Then, we'll configure bridging on
|
|
0:07:38
|
And the LAN and WAN interface of 3.
|
|
0:07:47
|
So, on router 2, this Ethernet
|
|
0:07:51
|
24.0.0.2.
|
|
0:07:55
|
So, between routers 2 and 4.
|
|
0:07:59
|
Then, router 4,
|
|
0:08:01
|
will likewise be 24.0.0.4.
|
|
0:08:09
|
On router 1 and 3,
|
|
0:08:11
|
when we look at the
|
|
0:08:14
|
I'm gonna need to
|
|
0:08:16
|
because we're no longer gonna be routing IP,
|
|
0:08:21
|
So, on the LAN, No IP Address.
|
|
0:08:24
|
And on the frame relay.
|
|
0:08:28
|
The same on router 3.
|
|
0:08:30
|
On the Fast Ethernet, No IP Address.
|
|
0:08:34
|
On the frame relay, No IP Address.
|
|
0:08:37
|
Okay, next step is that
|
|
0:08:40
|
Bridge group.
|
|
0:08:41
|
We'll say, Bridge, give it a number.
|
|
0:08:45
|
There's a couple different variations that you could
|
|
0:08:50
|
IEEE is referring to the 802.1D
|
|
0:08:57
|
So, this is defining the bridge group.
|
|
0:08:59
|
Then, at the interfaces,
|
|
0:09:02
|
They need to be members of the group.
|
|
0:09:07
|
Again, on this frame relay interface, this is
|
|
0:09:13
|
We need to tell the router, "When we are
|
|
0:09:18
|
what particular Layer 2
|
|
0:09:22
|
So, in this case, I need to say,
|
|
0:09:28
|
But instead, Frame Relay Map Bridge.
|
|
0:09:32
|
This is circuit 301.
|
|
0:09:34
|
And I also wanna support
|
|
0:09:39
|
that would then need to be...
|
|
0:09:41
|
Layer 2 bridging broadcast, I should say,
|
|
0:09:45
|
Layer 2 frame relay
|
|
0:09:53
|
Then, on router 1, we'll do the same
|
|
0:09:59
|
The bridge group is on the LAN
|
|
0:10:04
|
The frame relay...
|
|
0:10:08
|
would no longer be needing its IP mapping,
|
|
0:10:12
|
but instead, then needs the
|
|
0:10:22
|
If we now look at
|
|
0:10:26
|
this shows us any of the MAC
|
|
0:10:30
|
This would be the equivalent of
|
|
0:10:34
|
on the switches.
|
|
0:10:36
|
If we look at the Show...
|
|
0:10:39
|
Bridge 1...
|
|
0:10:48
|
Show Bridge 1 Group.
|
|
0:10:51
|
This shows us the interfaces that are
|
|
0:10:55
|
Okay, right now, both
|
|
0:10:57
|
If we were to say,
|
|
0:11:01
|
this shows us the detailed output for
|
|
0:11:04
|
So, just like the Show
|
|
0:11:07
|
or the Show Spanning Tree MST
|
|
0:11:11
|
that's the equivalent
|
|
0:11:16
|
Next, we would need
|
|
0:11:20
|
because the router can either route or
|
|
0:11:29
|
So, assuming that the full bridging
|
|
0:11:33
|
I should be able to go to
|
|
0:11:40
|
router 4, which we can.
|
|
0:11:43
|
If I were to do a trace to this destination,
|
|
0:11:47
|
notice that it's only one hop away.
|
|
0:11:51
|
If I send a broadcast packet,
|
|
0:11:59
|
2 and 4 are in the same broadcast domain.
|
|
0:12:02
|
If we now look at the Show ARP,
|
|
0:12:08
|
we see the MAC addresses
|
|
0:12:13
|
These addresses here should then match
|
|
0:12:20
|
of router 1.
|
|
0:12:23
|
So, when we look at those values,
|
|
0:12:26
|
the 0011.2058,
|
|
0:12:34
|
Router 2 is located on our LAN interface.
|
|
0:12:38
|
This is router 4's address,
|
|
0:12:42
|
the serial link.
|
|
0:12:46
|
Now, if IP routing were on...
|
|
0:12:51
|
on router 1,
|
|
0:13:00
|
we would see that 1 would now
|
|
0:13:06
|
because it would be
|
|
0:13:10
|
So, likewise, for the unicast,
|
|
0:13:19
|
we're unable to reach this.
|
|
0:13:21
|
So, only once the routing process is disabled
|
|
0:13:25
|
can we bridge that particular protocol.
|
|
0:13:28
|
So, it's either one or the other,
|
|
0:13:34
|
Which protocols the router
|
|
0:13:37
|
It depends in the feature set.
|
|
0:13:39
|
Most of the older versions actually
|
|
0:13:44
|
because a lot of them are legacy and have just
|
|
0:13:49
|
So, if we look at the
|
|
0:13:54
|
this controls what particular
|
|
0:14:00
|
So, in previous versions, one of the
|
|
0:14:04
|
Then if we were running NetBEUI for,
|
|
0:14:07
|
like the Windows 3.1 browsing
|
|
0:14:11
|
then, the routers would
|
|
0:14:14
|
Because it was a
|
|
0:14:16
|
But in this case,
|
|
0:14:19
|
Also, this bridging does not
|
|
0:14:24
|
So, if we ran IPv6 between router 4 and 2,
|
|
0:14:36
|
So, this is with the default here.
|
|
0:14:40
|
But not both of them
|
|
0:14:43
|
So, again, the configuration is pretty
|
|
0:14:48
|
And then, apply it to the
|
|
0:14:51
|
If the frame relay interfaces
|
|
0:14:55
|
I would not have needed the last command,
|
|
0:15:00
|
It's only since this is a multipoint
|
|
0:15:04
|
do then I need to do
|
|
0:15:10
|
Then, our verifications, we say,
|
|
0:15:14
|
That's the equivalent of the Show MAC
|
|
0:15:19
|
The Show Spanning Tree, that's the equivalent of
|
|
0:15:24
|
and Show Bridge 1 Group, that would be the equivalent
|
|
0:15:37
|
The next variation we have of this...
|
|
0:15:40
|
is the feature known as
|
|
0:15:43
|
that evolved from a previous feature known
|
|
0:15:48
|
that would allow the router to both route
|
|
0:15:53
|
as long as it was not
|
|
0:15:57
|
So, the original version of this...
|
|
0:16:01
|
would have been if router 1
|
|
0:16:06
|
Let's say, two LAN interfaces
|
|
0:16:10
|
On the ones on the left,
|
|
0:16:17
|
On the ones on the right,
|
|
0:16:21
|
But we wouldn't be able to send
|
|
0:16:26
|
So, essentially, the device was
|
|
0:16:30
|
topologies.
|
|
0:16:31
|
One that was for the bridging network,
|
|
0:16:35
|
This was called the CRB, or the
|
|
0:16:41
|
The next iteration of this...
|
|
0:16:43
|
is the Integrated Routing
|
|
0:16:48
|
which in the bridge domain,
|
|
0:16:51
|
we use what's known as the
|
|
0:16:56
|
in order to be able to bridge traffic
|
|
0:17:02
|
Then also, route traffic to the VBI
|
|
0:17:06
|
to go out the routed interfaces.
|
|
0:17:11
|
So, when IRB is on, we support both
|
|
0:17:16
|
on the same interfaces.
|
|
0:17:19
|
So, it's the same type of logic as the Catalyst switches
|
|
0:17:25
|
That's what evolved from the router's
|
|
0:17:34
|
Now, the configuration of this is only
|
|
0:17:39
|
than the previous transparent
|
|
0:17:42
|
where we define the bridge group,
|
|
0:17:47
|
Then, we enable the
|
|
0:17:50
|
This by default will
|
|
0:17:56
|
and then, should automatically generate the second
|
|
0:18:04
|
Since the router is
|
|
0:18:07
|
when the IRB feature is turned on,
|
|
0:18:10
|
it is assuming that we don't want to both route and
|
|
0:18:17
|
Then, our last step would be to
|
|
0:18:23
|
that is used to talk from the bridge
|
|
0:18:43
|
So, if we look at our
|
|
0:18:47
|
where we are bridging...
|
|
0:18:49
|
on router 1, and we're
|
|
0:18:52
|
At this point, if any of these other devices on
|
|
0:19:01
|
we would not be able to
|
|
0:19:04
|
So, let's say for example
|
|
0:19:07
|
we have an additional
|
|
0:19:13
|
that goes out to router 5.
|
|
0:19:18
|
And on this frame relay link,
|
|
0:19:24
|
If router 3 wants 5's traffic to
|
|
0:19:29
|
we would then configure a
|
|
0:19:33
|
In this case, VBI 1 to
|
|
0:19:36
|
with an IP address
|
|
0:19:39
|
Then, we could run routing
|
|
0:19:44
|
to give router 5 a
|
|
0:19:46
|
and then, for us to have a
|
|
0:19:53
|
So, next, let's configure out
|
|
0:19:57
|
And then, we'll enable
|
|
0:20:02
|
in order to exchange the routing
|
|
0:20:16
|
So, on router 3,
|
|
0:20:19
|
second frame relay interface,
|
|
0:20:23
|
We'll say, Encapsulation Frame Relay.
|
|
0:20:26
|
I'll configure a
|
|
0:20:31
|
That is point-to-point.
|
|
0:20:35
|
With the address 35.0.0.3,
|
|
0:20:39
|
and Frame Relay
|
|
0:20:45
|
Okay, that's our second circuit
|
|
0:20:51
|
Then, on router 5,
|
|
0:20:57
|
new sub-interface that goes back
|
|
0:21:04
|
IP address is 35.0.0.5.
|
|
0:21:10
|
And the frame
|
|
0:21:17
|
So, the reason that I'm using point-to-point interface,
|
|
0:21:22
|
So, at this point,
|
|
0:21:24
|
between...
|
|
0:21:27
|
3 and 5.
|
|
0:21:52
|
So now, we see, we don't have reachability,
|
|
0:21:58
|
First thing I wanna know is,
|
|
0:22:03
|
We look at the Show IP Interface Brief,
|
|
0:22:08
|
Also, the sub-interface is up.
|
|
0:22:11
|
This means that the circuit that is
|
|
0:22:17
|
For frame relay, when we look at the
|
|
0:22:23
|
that is determined from the circuit
|
|
0:22:28
|
So, I can then assume if we look at the
|
|
0:22:35
|
that whatever DLCI is assigned to that
|
|
0:22:40
|
Otherwise, the lying
|
|
0:22:45
|
So, let's now check, do I
|
|
0:22:53
|
/24...
|
|
0:22:56
|
Let's check router 3 now.
|
|
0:22:58
|
If we...
|
|
0:23:00
|
Show IP Interface Brief,
|
|
0:23:04
|
the sub-interface is up there.
|
|
0:23:14
|
But we're still not
|
|
0:23:20
|
So, what could be the
|
|
0:23:24
|
So, it looks like the frame
|
|
0:23:31
|
But why can't 3 and 5
|
|
0:23:38
|
If we look at our previous
|
|
0:23:44
|
we are trying to bridge
|
|
0:23:51
|
So, it means that that interface,
|
|
0:23:54
|
So, this is the limitation of...
|
|
0:23:58
|
the default transparent
|
|
0:24:00
|
You can either route the protocol or
|
|
0:24:05
|
So, if we look at the Debug...
|
|
0:24:08
|
Frame Relay Packets,
|
|
0:24:10
|
and when I try
|
|
0:24:13
|
router 5,
|
|
0:24:17
|
and I probably shouldn't have done that,
|
|
0:24:25
|
broadcast frames. Actually,
|
|
0:24:32
|
But if we look at what we're
|
|
0:24:39
|
router 3 is trying to
|
|
0:24:42
|
Which is not what we want. We want
|
|
0:24:49
|
So, I need to turn the
|
|
0:24:50
|
IP Routing.
|
|
0:24:53
|
Once I do this, I should now
|
|
0:25:00
|
But then, likewise, what this means
|
|
0:25:07
|
So, with the original set up, it was one or
|
|
0:25:11
|
Okay, this is what the Integrated
|
|
0:25:14
|
So, on router 3, we now wanna
|
|
0:25:20
|
For this bridge group, I am both
|
|
0:25:27
|
This should allow me to send
|
|
0:25:34
|
But at the same time, someone
|
|
0:25:42
|
So now, with just the
|
|
0:25:46
|
I'm able to get traffic from...
|
|
0:25:49
|
2 to 4,
|
|
0:25:53
|
and from 3 to 5.
|
|
0:25:56
|
Now, 5 will not be able
|
|
0:26:00
|
and 5 won't be able to send traffic to 4, because
|
|
0:26:05
|
The next step would then be to
|
|
0:26:12
|
where the IP address of the Layer 2
|
|
0:26:21
|
There's a question here, "If I were to use CRB,
|
|
0:26:26
|
then, I would be able
|
|
0:26:28
|
I would be able to route on one
|
|
0:26:32
|
The difference between the two of them is that
|
|
0:26:39
|
Or for 5 to talk to 4.
|
|
0:26:42
|
3 and 5 would basically be in one separate
|
|
0:26:49
|
So, I would say that
|
|
0:26:53
|
and this is the bridging domain.
|
|
0:26:56
|
But with CRB, I would not be
|
|
0:27:01
|
With IRB, since I have the
|
|
0:27:05
|
that's the way that we're essentially leaking traffic
|
|
0:27:14
|
So, next on router 3,
|
|
0:27:16
|
we're gonna configure this BVI.
|
|
0:27:19
|
Interface BVI 1.
|
|
0:27:21
|
As an address that is in the
|
|
0:27:29
|
So, at this point, we should see,
|
|
0:27:33
|
bridge packets to
|
|
0:27:38
|
So, we're able to bridge both 2 and 4.
|
|
0:27:42
|
And if I do a traceroute either to 2 or 4,
|
|
0:27:48
|
notice that they're both one hop away.
|
|
0:27:52
|
So, it means that I am on the same local segment
|
|
0:27:56
|
If I were to send a
|
|
0:28:00
|
I should get responses
|
|
0:28:07
|
Because 2 and 4...
|
|
0:28:11
|
they're both in...
|
|
0:28:13
|
by bridge domain.
|
|
0:28:16
|
Router 5 is in
|
|
0:28:20
|
Now, this here, this must be some left-over
|
|
0:28:24
|
So, on 4, let's look at the...
|
|
0:28:30
|
Show...
|
|
0:28:32
|
Show IP Interface Brief.
|
|
0:28:36
|
That's another Ethernet.
|
|
0:28:39
|
And so, let me shut that down.
|
|
0:28:50
|
So again, router 3 should be seeing
|
|
0:28:55
|
From 2 and 4, this is coming
|
|
0:28:57
|
From 5, this is coming from
|
|
0:29:02
|
The next step would be to
|
|
0:29:07
|
So, if I were to...
|
|
0:29:08
|
run EIGRP,
|
|
0:29:12
|
we'll say, No Auto-Summary...
|
|
0:29:14
|
Network 24 and Network 35,
|
|
0:29:25
|
this should allow reachability
|
|
0:29:31
|
So, I'll put this
|
|
0:29:35
|
2, 3, 4, and 5.
|
|
0:29:38
|
If we look at router 3, we now have a Layer 3
|
|
0:29:44
|
which is what we expect.
|
|
0:29:46
|
But now, we have two
|
|
0:29:50
|
One to router 2, and one to router 4.
|
|
0:29:53
|
Likewise, between 2 and 4,
|
|
0:29:56
|
they would directly be
|
|
0:29:59
|
because their in the
|
|
0:30:03
|
It's basically where routers...
|
|
0:30:07
|
2, 3, and 4, they're
|
|
0:30:10
|
Then, we're using router 3's Bridge Virtual
|
|
0:30:17
|
that is gonna get us
|
|
0:30:22
|
If we look at the result
|
|
0:30:25
|
and Show IP Route,
|
|
0:30:28
|
it says, "To get to 24.0.0.0, we're using
|
|
0:30:37
|
So, I should be able to route to
|
|
0:30:44
|
If I trace any of these destinations,
|
|
0:30:50
|
it's going to be multiple hops away.
|
|
0:30:54
|
So, I route to 3, then, 3 routes to 4.
|
|
0:30:57
|
I route to 3, then, 3 routes to 2.
|
|
0:31:02
|
From inside the bridge domain,
|
|
0:31:05
|
if we look at router 2's
|
|
0:31:11
|
or to the frame relay
|
|
0:31:16
|
both of these two
|
|
0:31:22
|
So, we're routing
|
|
0:31:24
|
If I were to send
|
|
0:31:29
|
this traffic is bridged.
|
|
0:31:32
|
We can tell the difference, because the routed
|
|
0:31:40
|
Whereas the bridge traffic go directly to whatever
|
|
0:31:52
|
So again, it's not as common
|
|
0:31:56
|
There's usually better design solutions to fix the
|
|
0:32:00
|
but you do wanna keep it in your
|
|
0:32:05
|
and that's basically the only
|
|
0:32:10
|
So, when we look at
|
|
0:32:12
|
really, the configuration is pretty
|
|
0:32:18
|
Which is the...
|
|
0:32:22
|
Bridge 1 Protocol IEEE.
|
|
0:32:25
|
Okay, this is turning it on.
|
|
0:32:28
|
At the interface levels,
|
|
0:32:32
|
We're running both routing
|
|
0:32:36
|
For this bridge group, we're
|
|
0:32:39
|
and then, the command that doesn't show up
|
|
0:32:43
|
which would be the default.
|
|
0:32:47
|
Then, the last step
|
|
0:32:54
|
this is where our Layer 3
|
|
0:32:58
|
So, if we wanted to do any access list,
|
|
0:33:02
|
any QoS, that would
|
|
0:33:05
|
not the underlying physical links.
|